Cavi in fibra ottica

Fiber optic cable is designed to transmit data using light signals instead of electricity, making it faster, more secure, and immune to electromagnetic interference compared to traditional copper cables. An optical fiber cable delivers signals over long distances with minimal attenuation, enabling high-speed communication in network, telecommunication, and data transmission systems. Fiber optics are widely used for internet, FTTP/FTTH installations, data centers, and long-distance transmission, where reliable bandwidth and performance are critical.

There are two main types of fiber cable:

• Single mode fiber (OS2): Best for long-distance communication with very low signal loss.


• Multimode fiber (OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4): A cost-effective choice for shorter distances such as in-building cabling, equipment interconnects, and high-speed network installations.

Both singlemode and multimode fiber can be terminated with a wide range of connectors, ferrules, and transceivers, making them compatible with computers, cameras, printers, hubs, controllers, smartphones, and telecommunication devices. When selecting a finished optic cable, it is critical to evaluate not only fiber type but also jacket rating, as this ensures safe and compliant installation.

Fiber Optic Jacket Ratings Explained

The outer jacket of a fiber optic cable provides mechanical protection and determines where the cable can be installed safely. Different ratings are used to meet fire safety codes and environmental standards:

• OFNR (Optical Fiber Nonconductive Riser): Rated for vertical riser installations between floors. OFNR prevents flame from traveling upward but cannot be used in plenum spaces.


• OFNP (Optical Fiber Nonconductive Plenum): The highest rating for fire safety, approved for use in plenum spaces (air-handling areas above ceilings or below raised floors). OFNP jackets meet strict flame and smoke resistance standards.


• LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen): Limits release of toxic smoke and corrosive gases during fire. Common in European markets, transit systems, tunnels, ships, and other enclosed environments where low smoke emission is critical.